Systematic literature searches were conducted to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses of dietary supplements for body weight reduction. The aim of this systematic review is to critically assess the evidence from rigorous clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on the effectiveness of dietary supplements in reducing body weight. It is therefore not surprising to see the marketing of a plethora of over-the-counter slimming aids with claims of effectiveness ( 9, 10). Compliance with conventional weight-management programs is notoriously poor, which indicates a need for safe, effective, and acceptable therapeutic options. One factor responsible for overweight and obesity is a continuous decrease in energy expenditure from physical activity during recent decades ( 7, 8). The likelihood of developing conditions such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and osteoarthritis of weight-bearing joints increases with body weight ( 2– 5), and these conditions lead to substantial economic costs in the total health care budget ( 6). Excess body weight is one of the most important risk factors for all-cause morbidity and mortality. On the basis of a normal body mass index (BMI in kg/m 2) ranging from 18.5 to 24.9, 31% of the US adult population is obese (BMI ≥ 30), and an additional 34% is overweight (BMI ≥ 25 1). In the United States, for instance, more than half of the adult population must now be classified as overweight or obese. The number of persons whose body weight is greater than their ideal is increasing, particularly in developed countries. Overweight, obesity, weight reduction, complementary medicine, alternative medicine, herbal medicine, dietary supplements, chitosan, guar, chromium, ephedra, psyllium, garcinia INTRODUCTION
None of the reviewed dietary supplements can be recommended for over-the-counter use. sinica– and ephedrine-containing supplements, which have been associated with an increased risk of adverse events.Ĭonclusions: The evidence for most dietary supplements as aids in reducing body weight is not convincing. The reviewed studies provide some encouraging data but no evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that any specific dietary supplement is effective for reducing body weight. Data on the following dietary supplements were identified: chitosan, chromium picolinate, Ephedra sinica, Garcinia cambogia, glucomannan, guar gum, hydroxy-methylbutyrate, plantago psyllium, pyruvate, yerba maté, and yohimbe. Results: Five systematic reviews and meta-analyses and 25 additional trials were included and reviewed. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of dietary supplements were included if they were based on the results of randomized, double-blind trials. To be included, trials were required to be randomized and double-blind.
The screening of studies, selection, validation, data extraction, and the assessment of methodologic quality were performed independently by the 2 reviewers. There were no restrictions regarding the language of publication. Hand searches of medical journals, the authors' own files, and bibliographies of identified articles were conducted. Literature searches were conducted on Medline, Embase, Amed, Cinahl, and the Cochrane Library until March 2003. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the evidence from rigorous clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on the effectiveness of dietary supplements in reducing body weight.ĭesign: The study was a systematic review. Background: Compliance with conventional weight-management programs is notoriously poor, and a plethora of over-the-counter slimming aids are sold with claims of effectiveness.
0 kommentar(er)
